Influence of the three branches of government on policy making

REFLECTIVE ESSAY EXAMPLES

REFLECTIVE ESSAY EXAMPLES All reflective essays have a number of common rules that must be followed. First of all let’s remind ourselves that reflective essay is a type of writing that reflects on personal experience or event. The personal experience of the author is revealed throughout the paper. The reflective essay examples demonstrate the importance of understanding the connection between people’s essence, their uniqueness and social relations. Some philosophical elements should be applied to this type of writing.   It is important to remember to reflect on specific details like personal character, surroundings, weather, etc. It is beneficial to apply a whole range of possible topic understandings to give the viewer a wide variety of impressions, feelings and thoughts. Reflective essay examples must imply strong essay outline. It includes reflective description, following main facts and environment rules observation. Reflective essay structure is also another element that must be strongly followed. Opening paragraph, middle part and concluding summary. REFLECTIVE ESSAY EXAMPLES If you are looking for reflective essay examples, we are able to provide you with brilliant examples essays today upon your request. We would like to focus on the reflective essay outline and structure. This will give you an understanding of how your reflective essay must look. You will also be able to obtain the comprehension of reflective essay examples structure in order to write your perfect reflective essay today. Reflective essay examples are easily found on the web. We offer you a different path of getting your custom written reflective essay today. Order your reflective essay online and receive your 15 discount today. To start with your reflective essay should answer to these questions. These specific questions will guide you through your reflective essay writing. They are â€Å"What did I experience?† â€Å"What was my major notice about an event or an experience?† â€Å"Did this event change me or my personal point of view?† â€Å"How did this event helped me to grow as a person?† â€Å"What is different about my life perception now?† and/or â€Å"What did I learn?†

Fracking - The environmental, economic, legal and political aspects of Essay

Fracking - The environmental, economic, legal and political aspects of Fracking - Essay Example The process itself involves drilling, explosions, use of toxic chemicals and pumping millions of gallons of water at crushing pressures. In Pennsylvania alone, it has been reported that companies have planned for over fifty sites to work on. Though fracking has been conducted responsibly, the industry does not have a very good track record because from time to time, gas well blow outs, poisoned of water sources, pollution of soil and air , and compromise on the health of people and animals have been reported. Once a shale formation has fracked, it cannot be unfracked and brought together once again. It is therefore very important for thorough research to be conducted before fracking begins, especially in places where the population is very dense (Prud'homme 70). 2. The Environmental, Economic, Legal and Political Consequences of Unlimited Fracking 2.1 Environmental consequences There are many consequences that come with embracing unlimited hydraulic fracturing or fracking. In the Uni ted States, it was reported that by 2012, approximately one million oil and gas wells had been drilled and fracked. The critics and supporters of the fracking process have been left on a cross road, since none of the groups knows whether it is correct. There are risks that come with the fluids used in the drilling process as well as the effects of the natural gas that is released into the environment (Healy 11). The following are the environmental consequences that come with unlimited fracking: a. Ground water Contaminations This is the most familiar consequence of the fracking process. The potential risk to ground water contamination comes from two sources. According to research conducted in 2012 by the University of Texas, there are several incidents of possible contamination in the United States that show no confirmed evidence of ground water contamination from the subsurface fracking itself, but rather from leakage that stems from fracking related waste water above the ground (H ealy 12). The potential causes of the contamination of water in the fracking process are suspected to be overweight drilling mud that causes drilling fluids to leak from the well bore to acquifers near the surface; this happens because shale contains large quantities of harmful chemical elements and compounds that are dissolved in the fracking fluid, which later returns to the surface during flow back. Solid components entering the flow back fluid from the shale leading to contamination, as well as poorly done well bore casing (Healy 12). Subsurface and surface blow outs have been recorded in the states of Pennsylvania, Ohio and Colorado in United States. Blow outs in the ground lead to surface spillage and this often results to contamination of water (Healy 15). b. Emissions into the atmosphere This is another aspect that shows the consequences of fracking to the environment. The gas and vapor emitted from the fluid to the atmosphere affects the environment. The methane released du ring the fracking process is said to have a higher greenhouse gas, for example coal. The drillers involved in these operations should thereof ore ensure that the emission of these gases is minimized (Healy 15). There have been reports of homes that have exploded in Colorado and Ohio. Wyoming has had its residents advised to run the electric fans when showering so as to avoid explosions (Perrow 12). In

Enlisting Open-Source Applications by U.S Department of Defense Case Study

Enlisting Open-Source Applications by U.S Department of Defense - Case Study Example Open-source software application is a recent technology which allows users of the web-based software to use, make modification to the source code, and distribute it. This paper looks at a case study of the implementation of this technology by the US Department of Defence.It assesses the security issues in the use of open-source software, as well as its pros and cons. The paper also evaluates the cultural changes required at DoD for the successive implementation of the system. The main security issues in the use of open-source software are those of ensuring confidentiality, availability and integrity of the information. Its use helps to reduce cost in addition to guaranteeing the user right to make modification to the software. Its implementation requires cultural change at the organization. Enlisting Open-Source Application by US Defence Department The US Department of Defence has contemplated to harness the benefits of open-source software. Open-source software is defined by Galliva n (2001, p. 281) as software which human-source readable source code is available for study, use, re-use, modification and redistribution by the users of the software. Having agreed that open-source software is similar to commercial software in almost all dimensions, DoD argues that it should be given an equal consideration when making a technology purchase decision. Open source software has a number of benefits that include a wide peer-review that can help to eliminate defects, exclusive modification rights that ensure speedy changes when needed and reduction in the cost. Open-source software allows for rapid prototyping. Despite its benefits, Department of Defence needs to be assured of the security of its information given the nature of the sensitive information the department handles. Security Issues To guarantee the Department of Defence the security of its data, several agencies have proposed measures to address this. The Defence Information System Agency (DISA) has issued ver sion two of software Forge to enable sharing of information and collaborative development of the software which is one way of ensuring security since the software developed will be tested to prevent any failure. This ensures stability of the software. Collaborative development helps to identify any problem that may occur and may have been foreseen by a single developer. They have also given a trial period to ensure that any problems with the software may be identified early before it is implemented for use by DoD. This is important since any failure of software after implementation could result in a disaster in case of data loss or unauthorised access. DISA has also introduced a closed computing-based version of Forge for classified environment, as seen in the case study. This is a measure to deal with security issue since some DoD information is usually classified and access to such information must be limited. Enlisting Open-Source Application Another security measure by DISA is i ts plan to add certificate services to Forge.mil to control access to information. Open-software Institute OSSI is also involved in licensing of where it has issued to different licences for government agencies and a free licence for learning institutions. From the case study, we learn that OSSI has copyrighted the software developed which is a move to protect the property rights of the team that developed the software. To increase security, I propose that Department of Defence uses both paid and volunteer reviewers to help identify any security flaws with the software, as proposed by Hoepman & Jacobs (2007, p. 81). This is important since paid reviewers may be able to unearth security flaws of the system rather than relying only on users. Advantages and Disadvantages of Open-Source Software Advantages The advantages of open-source software to a large organization presuppose that everyone has a right to change the source code

English class Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

English class - Essay Example articles and journals that support this motion while drawing reference to The Constitution of the United States of America and supports the idea that the drinking age ought to be lowered. The National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984 highlights the ethical benefits of setting the minimum drinking age of the American population at 21. Although some states have completely instituted a ban on the consumption, purchase and handling of drinks to the minimum age required, others allow them although under tight restrictions. The national law in specific requires all state laws to prohibit public possession of alcoholic beverages by minors. However, the public possession law does not apply to possession of beverages in religious functions, while in the company of adults and parents who are older than 21 years. The law also does not term it as a crime when a medical practitioner such as a physician, doctor or nurse prescribes an alcoholic drink to a patient. It is also not illegal for a minor to possess and consume alcoholic beverages in a private function. Some observers point out the illogic of the age according to decision making process. Constitutionally, any person who h as attained the age of 18 is regarded as an adult and has a right to vote in national elections. An adult according to the law is a person who can make informed decisions and be accountable to the government. There should be no special application of the bill of rights to this class of people when it comes to drinking laws. An adult is an adult, so long as constitutionally one is perceived to be capable of making informed judgments. Thus, the law ought to be repealed to lower the age to 18. According to Zimmer and Hatch (n.p.), the law prohibiting the sale and consumption of alcoholic drinks to persons of 18 years has failed. Many arguments have been raised on the impracticability of the issue. Zimmer and Hatch, (n.p.) compares the alcohol related problems of America and the united kingdom and comes

Pollution in India

Pollution in India Most Indian cities are experiencing rapid urbanization and a majority of the Indias population is expected to live in cities within a span of next two decades. The rapid development in urban India has also resulted in a tremendous increase in the number of motor vehicles and in some cities this has doubled in the last decade. Which is the main source of air pollution and poor ambient air quality impacting millions of citizens. This report presents a review of the main causes of this phenomenon and the various measures adopted for their reduction. Also, cleaner fuels have been introduced along with improved emission control devices. Future strategies like use of alternative fuels and spreading awareness amongst citizens will further help reduce emissions that led to air pollution. Introduction India has the worst air pollution in the entire world, and this problem has attracted special attention in India due to the increase in population, industrialisation and urbanisation. Air pollution has been just below , tobacco smoking, indoor air pollution, blood pressure, diabetes among the top ten killers. This phenomenal has affected many aspects in India and the most crucial aspect is the health side of it population. However, Indians government has made huge steps to reduce the consequences and spread knowledge between citizens. Air Pollution Natural component of fresh air are consist of 78.1 percent Nitrogen, 21 percent Oxygen, 0.95 percent Argon and 0.04 percent Carbon di-oxide. When these typical percentage of air component irregular due to the influence of several ruinous gases then our surrounding environment become polluted. There are some example of harmful elements of air like hydrocarbon gases, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulphur dioxide, hydrogen and some greenhouse gases including carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane and many more.http://www.thehindu.com/multimedia/dynamic/00905/toxic_air3_905565g.jpg What Causes Air Pollution? Air pollution caused directly through use of electricity, fuels, and transportation. http://www.drishtikone.com/wp-content/uploads/Pollutants.png Increase in industrial activity India has made fast strides in industrialisation, and it is one of the ten most industrialised nations worldwide. However this status, has brought with it unwanted and unexpected consequences such as unplanned urbanisation and pollution. Domestic pollution Pollution from different types of cooking using coal, fuel wood, and other  biomass fuels contributes to some extent, to the overall pollution load in urban areas. Electricity Major reason to increase pollution in the air is the industrial emissions because burning fossil fuel to produce electricity emissions about 40% of carbon dioxide and many harmful gases. Power plants India and specifically Delhi produces much of its electricity depending on different coal-fired plants for industries and supplying for Delhis major projects. http://respromask.files.wordpress.com/2012/06/three-wheelers-india1.jpg?w=288h=198 Transportation Vehicles contribute up to 35% of air pollution in the large cities of India like Bangalore, Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai .Also, Engine exhaust (diesel and gas) carries more than 40 dangerous air pollutants. Vehicular Pollution Between 1951 and 2011, the urban population has multiplied, from 62.4 million to 377.1 million, and its percentage has increased from 17.3% to 31.16%. In 1991, there were 18 cities with a population of over 1 million, in 2012 this is estimated to expand  to 46 cities . This rapid increase in unplanned urban population has resulted in an increase in consumption patterns and a higher demand for transport and energy. Between 2005-2006,there were about 8.9 million vehicles sold and it reach 15 million in 2010-2011 which show that the number of vehicles sold in India is increasing fast during the past few years. And as studies shows that when the number of vehicles increased that lead to increase of harmful emissions which will finally be so affected in air quality(air pollution).In addition, vehicles are estimated to be the responsible of producing about 70% of CO2, 50% of HC,30-40% of NOx,30% of SPM and 10% of SO2 of the overall air pollution in cities. The most air pollution rise in Indian cities Despite the fact that the 51 Indian cities suffer from an extreme high level of air pollution, Bangalore , Mumbai ,Nagpur ,Hyderabad and Pune are certainly topping the list. Also, all 51 Indian cities dont meet the prescribed Respirable Particulate Matter (RSPM) levels, specified under the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). As researches shows that Bangalore have the most rise in air pollution , then Pune coming after and Hyderabad, Nagpur and Mumbai respectively are the next three position.C:UsershpDesktopME!Principles Environmenttal ScCase Study30_11_pg10a.jpg Kanpur and Delhi are the most polluted cities in India. (According to the national summary report on air quality monitoring and emission inventory for Indian cities of the Ministry of Environment and Forest) Effects Outdoor air pollution has emerged as a major health risk in developing countries, contributing to some 3.2 million premature deaths worldwide and 74 million years of healthy life lost in 2010 and India is particularly at risk. Delhi population directly hit by air pollution Decaying air quality in India can transform into 3,000 additional premature deaths annually because of diseases related to air pollution . Delhi government, estimated that about 55 per cent of Delhis population is directly affected by air pollution as they live in a radius of 500 meters of urban roads where pollution level was found to be maximum. Health Impacts of Air Pollution Increase in mortality due to urban air pollution. Induction or revival of diseases. Respiratory illness / disorders. Systemic Immune alterations. Cardiovascular problems. Brain damage. Retardation of fetal growth. Increases prevalence of upper respiratory symptoms. Fact Bangalore holds the title of being the asthma capital of the country. Studies estimate that 10 per cent of Bangalores population and over 50 per cent of its children below 18 years suffer from air pollution- related ailments. Chennai: Exhaust from vehicles, dust from construction debris, industrial waste, burning of municipal and garden waste are all on the rise in the city. So are respiratory diseases, including asthma. Pune: air pollution in Pune has become a serious problem. The respiratory suspended particulate matter in the air is more than the standard national level. About 93,000 commercial properties which include hotels, malls and hospitals emit 204 tone every year. Children the target {Both in rural urban areas, children are the most vulnerable group due to} Lower breathing zone. Greater oxygen consumption. More susceptible target organs. Immunity not fully operational. Environmental impacts Environmental impacts are not limited to local air quality, but global climate change as well. Greenhouse gas emissions from vehicular traffic damage the ozone layers on a global level and also have local impacts. Increased greenhouse gas emissions damage nearby soil, vegetation, forest areas, aquatic systems, and groundwater . With two-thirds of Indias population depending directly on climate sensitive sectors such as agriculture, fisheries, and forestry , it is essential that these problems are totally researched and addressed in the near future. Air pollution caused by the burning of fossil fuels like coal and diesel has contributed to a worrisome slowdown in rice harvest growth in India in the past two decades. How to reduce air pollution Major efforts needed to reduce air pollution A lot of effort is needed in reducing emission of pollutants and greenhouses gases to improve the quality of air. Predict Air quality is required to provide information to the public to help them manage their health and welfare better. Modern day fuel alternatives for nations keen on becoming energy independent Modern life is closely associated with the need to reduce risk and enhance dependability. Concern for a fleetly-depleting environment has also caused a interest in the emergence of substitute fuels. The aim is to notch fewer vehicle emissions that contribute to smog, air pollution. Green Court launched India launched a green court on October 19, 2010 to make polluters pay damages as it steps up its policing of the countrys environmental laws. India was only the third country in the world after Australia and New Zealand to set up such a court. This is the first step of its kind in India to apply the polluter pays principle and the principle of sustainable development. India switches over to cleaner petrol and diesel The country has fully switched over to cleaner Euro-III and Euro-IV petrol and diesel. Indias tough new rules to fight air pollution The government has almost reduce the acceptable limits for polluting gases to the half, gases like sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide. The key bits are that residential and industrial areas will have the same limits. After a long gap of 15 years we have notified the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. It brings the air quality standards to European levels and in many cases it even exceeds the standards in the USA. Consequences of these standards will be on clean fuel and this will have major implications on Green House gas emission as well, said Jairam Ramesh, Environment Minister. Kolkata begins clean-air campaign Kolkata began its campaign to clean up its air with 1500 policemen taking to the streets to seize polluting buses, taxis and autos. Conclusion Urban air pollution has long been a serious problem in the India , reflecting both the importance of highly polluting industries for the national economy and political factors such as the low priority of environmental issues and lack of public participation. Also, it affecting every things including environment such as public health in India is in serious risk and environmental impact on the climate which is a important factor for agriculture that Indians depend on for living. However , Indian government has some solutions ,for example switching to a cleaner fuel, set rules to reduce the emissions , and do campaign to spread knowledge about the effects of pollution and about how they can personally help out will be important to create a culture that values the environment. Resources 1) www.gits4u.com 2) www.indyatour.com 3) www.ipcbee.com 4) www.articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com 5) www.ndtv.com 6) ww.twocircles.net 7)www.drew-urban-travels.blogspot.com 8)www.pals.in 9) www.rrcap.ait 10) www.theicct.org

Computer Technology :: Argumentative Technological Computer papers

Computer Technology I. Introduction Over the past few decades, the advances of computer technology have undoubtedly increased the rate of information exchange. Communication across the globe is now done with ease, convenience, and speed. Accessing online bank accounts, instant messaging, online auctions, and communication via electronic email are just few examples of normal transactions that occur today. Although these advances have provided a tremendous positive impact on our society, it has also caused some controversial ethical issues, namely the privacy of personal information. Computers have been used as a tool to invade personal privacy for various purposes such as direct marketing, the sharing and selling of consumer information, and government surveillances. Furthermore, the advent of the Internet as an infrastructure of connected computers has been used to exchange non-public personal information to unknown parties. As a result, privacy concerns have risen as computer technology rapidly becomes pervasive. Beca use of the depth and many facets of the privacy of personal information, this research paper focuses on the privacy of consumer information. II. Current State on the Usage of Consumer Information Consumer information is used for a wide variety of applications. Typical usage of consumer information today include target selling/marketing, sharing databases, and the credit bureau's use of consumer information to gauge personal credit ratings. Businesses may obtain consumer information from various sources such as customer questionnaires, surveys, commercial transactions, web activity, application forms, and many more. Personal consumer information gathered from these examples are then used by businesses to customize marketing efforts, data mine consumer databases to recognize buying patterns, and evaluate credit risks of applicants. A few examples of the kinds of information collection and usage practices are: An automobile dealership's web site offers help to consumers in rebuilding their credit ratings. To take advantage of this offer, consumers are urged to provide their name, address, social security number, and telephone number through the web site's online information form. Consumer information may then be sold or shared to other automobile dealerships to provide specific, targeted offers for the consumer. A mortgage company operates an online pre-qualification service for home loans. The online application form requires that each potential borrower provide his or her name, social security number, home and business telephone numbers, e-mail address, previous address, type of loan sought, current and former employer's name and address, length of employment, income, sources of funds to be applied toward closing, and approximate total in savings.